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Battle of Ushant (1944)
The Battle of Ushant, also known as the Battle of Brittany, occurred on the early morning of 9 June 1944 and was an engagement between German and Allied destroyer flotillas off the coast of Brittany. The action came shortly after the initial Allied landings in Normandy. After a confused engagement during the night the Allies sank one of the German destroyers and forced another ashore, where she was wrecked.
==Background==
On 6 June 1944, the day of the first landings in Normandy, the remnants of the German 8th destroyer flotilla, consisting of the Type 36A ''Z24'' and ''Z32'', and the ''ZH1 ''(formerly the Dutch destroyer ''Gerard Callenburgh'') were ordered by ''Vizeadmiral'' Theodor Krancke to sail from the Gironde to Brest. The order was intercepted by the British which detailed Canadian Bristol Beaufighters from RAF Coastal Command to attack the German ships as they sailed through the Bay of Biscay. In the ensuing raid, the destroyer ''Z32'' was slightly damaged.〔 The German ships made port at Brest, where ''Z24'' and ''Z32'' had their anti-aircraft armament increased. They then put to sea again on 8 June in company with the Flottentorpedoboot 1939 class torpedo boat ''T-24'', the sole survivor of the 4th torpedo boat flotilla, bound for Cherbourg under the command of Theodor von Bechtolsheim, where they would reinforce German positions.〔
The Allied forces learned of the German intentions through Ultra intercepts, and detailed the 10th destroyer flotilla to intercept the German ships as they sailed up the English Channel. The 10th destroyer flotilla was at this time under the overall command of Captain Basil Jones, who had his flag aboard the Tribal class destroyer . With him were , and , the Canadian ships and , and the Polish vessels ORP ''Piorun'' and ORP ''Błyskawica''.〔 Jones decided to split his flotilla in two; the 19th Division consisted of the ''Eskimo'', ''Javelin'', ''Piorun'' and ''Błyskawica'', the 20th Division consisted of ''Tartar'', ''Ashanti'', ''Huron'' and ''Haida''.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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